NOV推出用于二叠系应用的MWD系统
二叠纪盆地对具有电磁(EM)和泥浆脉冲(MP)数据传输能力的MWD系统的需求正在增加。ReedHycalog是NOV的Wellbore Technologies部门的一个业务部门，开发了用于此类应用的BlackStar II双遥测MWD工具。
BlackStar II双遥测MWD工具结合了EM和MP数据传输能力，在具有挑战性的二叠纪钻井条件下进行连续钻井作业。双遥测工具的�？榛杓圃市砹榛钆渲霉ぞ叽苯僮髂芰Υ蠡�，允许在井下测量定向、钻井和地层数据，并以电磁波或压力脉冲传输到地面。当使用低频EM波时，该工具通过地壳将信息发送到地面。这些信息在地面天线处被接收、解码，由计算机处理并传送给司钻的读出显示器，不会阻塞泥浆或电线传输。EM工具没有移动部件，允许用于空气钻井条件下或泥浆脉冲(MP)工具无法工作的高损耗循环材料环境。另外，可以在连接过程中传输调查结果，大限度地减少与传统MP工具相关的非生产时间。
双遥测工具使得定向钻机能够实现更高的遥测速度，并且通过EM遥测技术可以缩短测量时间，而不用担心会出现信号中断。与其他双遥测工具不同的是，新工具是完全可回收的，这样可以减少昂贵的漏洞事件风险。在设计该工具时，NOV的主要目标之一是使客户能够利用其现有的非磁性箍圈，泥浆脉冲器和通用的井底定向潜水器，从而降低实现双遥测能力所需的投资。在二叠系中，灵活性是关键，而该工具的增强功能和成本效益的提高，以及多样化的电源管理使得定向钻机有明显的优势，非常适合。
一家定向供应商使用双遥测工具来解决了信号强度和电池寿命问题。以前尝试使用其他工具进行EM遥测一直不成功，但使用新工具后，可变电压和电流输出允许灵活地将信号范围扩展到侧面。电池消耗得到了优化，使工具达到13,000英尺以上的总深度，成功的EM传输提供了比传统的泥浆脉冲更新速率更快的定向和伽马测量。另外，由于系统的双遥测多重性，操作员减少了非生产时间，有效地降低了设备更换的跳闸次数。
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附英文原文：
NOV develops MWD system for Permian applications
HOUSTON -- Demand in the Permian basin for an MWD system with both electromagnetic (EM) and mud-pulse (MP) data transmission capabilities is increasing. ReedHycalog, a business unit of National Oilwell Varco’s Wellbore Technologies segment, developed the BlackStar II dual-telemetry MWD tool for use in such applications.
The BlackStar II dual-telemetry MWD tool combines the capabilities of both EM and MP data transmission to provide continuous drilling in challenging Permian drilling conditions. The dual-telemetry tool’s modular design allows flexibility in configuring the toolstring to maximize operational capabilities, allowing directional, drilling, and formation data to be measured downhole and transmitted to surface as either EM waves or pressure pulses. When using low-frequency EM waves, the tool sends information to the surface through the earth’s crust. The information is received at a surface antenna, decoded, and processed by a computer and distributed to the driller’s readout display without the encumbrance of mud or wire transmission. EM tools have no moving parts, allowing for use in air-drilling conditions or high lost-circulation material environments where mud-pulse (MP) tools are rendered inoperable. In addition, surveys can be transmitted during connections, minimizing the nonproductive time associated with conventional MP tools.
The dual-telemetry tool enables directional drillers to achieve the higher telemetry speeds and reductions in survey time made possible by EM telemetry, without risking a trip out of hole for signal interruption. Unlike other dual-telemetry tools, the new tool is fully retrievable, which reduces the risk of costly lost-in-hole events. When designing the tool, one of NOV’s primary objectives was to enable customers to utilize their existing inventory of nonmagnetic collars, mud pulsers, and universal bottomhole orientation subs, thereby reducing the investment necessary to offer dual-telemetry capabilities. The tool’s enhanced functionality and improved cost-effectiveness is ideal for use in the Permian, where flexibility is key and diverse power management options present directional drillers with a distinct advantage.
A directional provider used the dual-telemetry tool to address signal strength and battery-life concerns on a long lateral. Previous attempts to utilize EM telemetry with other tools had been unsuccessful, but with the new tool, variable voltage and current output allowed flexibility to extend the signal range into the lateral. Battery consumption was optimized, allowing the tool to reach total depth at more than 13,000 ft, and successful EM transmission provided directional and gamma measurements much faster than conventional mud-pulse update rates. Additionally, the operator eliminated nonproductive time due to the dual-telemetry redundancy of the system, effectively eliminating the need to trip for an equipment change.
